![]() ![]() ![]() If you have a number of notable things happened in your company last year? You might showcase all of them through a timeline design. This small move can get you the accolade of creating the best annual report design in your fraternity. This is considered to be a great user experience altogether. Heavy data-driven reports can be toned down with interactive features for the audience to drill down on information. With interactive functionality, you can make your audience interact with the report and feed on the necessary information. And when interactivity is added to it, that takes the design to the next level. Infographics add depth and nuance to a generic report. Because the more you upheld your brand, the more power you give it.įocus on the fonts, color scheme and other design elements that make your report a marketing collateral. If you want to create a robust visual impact with your annual infographic report, abide by the brand identity. Align with Your Brand IdentityĪ business is a brand overall. The design gets more accessible and generates a collective interest. This is exactly what a business person must turn to while creating an infographic style annual report. A recurring motif or a visual metaphor can be applied to an infographic that makes it all the more fascinating. Infographics are bright data visualizations that have a pinch of humor in them. Convincing visual narratives provide an apprehensive communication to everyone.Īny spikes of stats you want to highlight? Any data you want to emphasize? Or what are the major events that took place in your company in the last year worth mentioning? Find the narrative and convert it into an eyecandy infographic. The conversion must be diligent enough not to hamper its seriousness. Finding Right Narrative is the KeyĪn annual report is a serious business. The audience can just scan through the document and get the necessary information through the icons. With the fading attention span we all have now, infographics are perfect. Infographics are all about convincing icons and graphics that improve the likelihood of engagement and comprehension. Leverage the power of icons and illustrations to help your audience take a data-driven decision. Leverage the Power of Icons and Illustrations Of course, that amplifies their aesthetic quotient. Graphics changes the look and feel of an annual report. When the onlookers look at both the two things side by side, the impact generated is immense. Supporting graphics make the stats more understandable, as well as visually engaging. Compelling Graphics go a Long Wayĭetailed annual reports contain statistics and stuff like that. Or can incorporate short graphics or illustrations supporting a relevant data. You can either create a whole infographic report. Just focus on the most significant data and convert that piece of data into an infographic. ![]() Or is it the ROI you want to display as your USP to your prospective investors? Is it the number of shares your company has, or is it the yearly turnover and revenue. Just focus on the information you want to convey to your target audience. Two or Three Critical Data Points are Enough As the stats say, image-rich contents get a whopping 94% more views than their text counterpart. Annual report infographic can rake in more views than you usually get. And infographics are highly shareable, link worthy and attract new traffic. Infographics, when incorporated into a report can augment the appearance of it and make it more acceptable in the community. And since pictures are more effective missive than plain texts and numbers, the information becomes more understandable. When the charts and graphs are presented through catchy visuals and illustrations, it creates a zing. Lengthy reports give the viewers a visual fatigue and they tend to give it just a half-hearted read.īut with the gradual shift from written annual reports to digital ones, integrating engaging visuals is the best way to retain the viewers. Since annual reports are mainly about graphs, charts, percentages and numbers, plain texts don’t bring out that desired impact on the target audience. So why not turn our text-only annual reports into something visual for easy understanding! Why not try annual report infographic for a change? Several viewing and absorbing of data occur when the report is presented. Also, employees get a glimpse of the company’s financial condition. The annual report is like a report card of a company, detailing its financial health and share records to its shareholders, investors and media.
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![]() Mattermost also offers four different code themes (GitHub, Solarized Dark, Solarized Light, Monokai) that can be changed in Account Settings > Display > Theme > Custom Theme > Center Channel Styles. [Migrate from 1.4.1 to our contributor community! Start from deploying CodiMD manually, connecting to your own database, learn about the project structure, to build your changes with the help of webpack. Mattermost Server version: X.X.X Accepting local resources would allow to execute programs via malicious link There is no situation where an user would want to share their local files without attached files. To add syntax highlighting, type the language to be highlighted after the at the beginning of the code block. you enter text in the GitLab UI, GitLab assumes the text is in the Markdown. [Markdown Syntax [Extra Supported [Fretboard Syntax Administration Guides If you want to run GitLab and GitLab Mattermost on two separate servers the. Therefore, is a special character which should be escapable. You can also add interactive message buttons as part of attachments. 2 comments Closed Cannot escape (tilde) in markdown 8228. ![]() Sign-in with an administrator account to your Mattermost instance. [Understanding Your [Manage Note # Note Writing Edit on GitHub Use message attachments For additional formatting options, and for compatibility with Slack non-markdown integrations, an attachments array can be sent by integrations and rendered by Mattermost. This guide uses the mattermost auth module for Mattermost version 5.0 and above. This is a standout debut and one that I highly recommend. ![]() The story is filled with themes of sacrifice, respect, patience, compromise, love, religion and family. This book had me asking myself how I would deal with their situations and my heart broke for both couples. What one couple does to save an infant from a certain death at the camps has a dramatic and live-changing effect on the birth parents and the parents who raise him. The places intersect as two different couples are parents to the same young boy. ![]() The first five books Invisible Emmie, Positively Izzy, Just Jamie. This book takes place in both Santa Cruz, California and Nazi occupied France. I often wonder if those whose quotes we see and hear today were moved just as much. Paris seems to be trending (for lack of a better word) and many, many books are set there or in the book’s title. I often hear that people get “burned out” by these stories and I get the sentiment however, after six-million people perished and survivors that lived through hell, I feel I owe it to them to read as much as I can. Invisible Emmie famous quotes & sayings: Kylie Scott: We&039 ve broken my bed," I said, stating the obvious. Although there are a plethora of books surrounding WWII, especially focusing on the horrors of the Holocaust, there’s always room for more. While Paris Slept was a compelling and thought-provoking novel that is sure to be a “best of” pick for historical fiction. Jean-Luc’s unease turns into full-blown panic when a young woman with bright green eyes bursts from the train one day alongside hundreds of screaming, terrified passengers, and pushes a warm, squirming bundle into his arms. But Jean-Luc and other railway employees can’t ignore the rumors or what they see on the tracks: too many people are packed into the cars, and bodies are sometimes left to be disposed of after a train departs. Jean-Luc works at the railway station at Bobigny, where thousands of Jews travel each day to be “resettled” in Germany. Paris, France, 1944.Germany has occupied France for four years. The epilogue in Invisible Emmie takes place. It may tell readers what happened to the characters or remind readers about the story's theme or lesson. Invisible Emmie contains an epilogue, which is a section at the end of a book that takes place after the main events of the story. Commission on War Crimes pull-up outside their home and bring Jean-Luc in for questioning. Ideas for extending the experience of reading Invisible Emmie. But their taste of the American Dream shatters when officers from the U.N. Every minute in California erases a minute of their lives before - before the Germans invaded their French homeland and incited years of violence, hunger, and fear. They have a house in the suburbs, they’ve learned to speak English, and they have regular get-togethers with their outgoing American neighbors. TLDR: We really enjoyed this book We begin with some quotes and haikus we adore, cover Josephine, Emmie, and the Waystation in great detail, segue into some. From speaking about invisible figures in their rooms to recounting their supposed past. Santa Cruz, California, 1953.Jean-Luc and Charlotte Beauchamps have left their war-torn memories of Paris behind to live a quiet life in America with their son, Sam. The atoms come into my brain, dance a dance, and then go out - there are always new atoms, but always doing the same dance, remembering what the dance was yesterday.After. ![]() ![]() To note that the thing I call my individuality is only a pattern or dance, that is what it means when one discovers how long it takes for the atoms of the brain to be replaced by other atoms. So what is this mind of ours: what are these atoms with consciousness? Last week's potatoes! They now can remember what was going on in my mind a year ago - a mind which has long ago been replaced. It means the atoms that are in the brain are being replaced: the ones that were there before have gone away. Reading Invisible Emmie sums up middle school: You laugh, you cry, you get beaned in the head with a volleyball. Victoria Jamieson, Newbery Honor author-illustrator of Roller Girl Clever, funny work by a great cartoonist. It means that phosphorus that is in the brain of a rat - and also in mine, and yours - is not the same phosphorus as it was two weeks ago. This funny and heartfelt tale will ring true for anyone who’s ever felt invisible. For instance, the scientific article may say, 'The radioactive phosphorus content of the cerebrum of the rat decreases to one- half in a period of two weeks.' Now what does that mean? ![]() It is available on Android, iOS, Windows Desktop, and macOS. It also automates the tweening process and offers support for raster graphics, audio, and video embedding, rich text, and more. Adobe Animate is also perfect for kids who want to experiment and enter the world of animation at an early age. Yet, it is still very easy to use and perfect for beginners. This animation software app is packed with so many features. You can use Adobe Animate to design vector graphics and animation for websites, TV series, web applications, game development, banner ads, and many other purposes. Its current name, Adobe Animate, was first introduced in 2016 to reflect Adobe’s market position. Later on, after it was acquired by Macromedia, the software app was named Macromedia Flash. Developed by Adobe Inc., this vector-based 2D animation software was first launched in 1996 and was named “FutureSplash Animator.” The Adobe Animate CC is one of the most popular 2D animation software apps in the world. Not fit for producing professional animations.Starting Price: $20.99 per month (billed annually) Here Are The Best 2D Animation Software Apps In 2022Īdobe Animate Image Source: Adobe Animate This option allows animators to only move the body parts of the character individually, without having to draw the whole character all over again for every single movement. But if they want to make the process even faster, they can use a digital puppet, which is also called a character rig. Today, 2D animators still have the option of animating frame by frame. Nowadays, creating 2D animation with the help of animation software apps is way easier, and you don’t necessarily have to be good at drawing. Animators did these every two frames, animated on 12 frames per second (fps) and sometimes on 24fps for faster action. In the old days, animators used to draw the characters, backgrounds, and so on, frame by frame to create movement in a two-dimensional space. To better understand how vector-based 2D animation works, it is essential to mention that the first type of 2D animation was also called traditional animation, or hand-drawing animation. ![]() If you click an affiliate link and subsequently make a purchase, we will earn a small commission at no additional cost to you (you pay nothing extra). Important disclosure: we're proud affiliates of some tools mentioned in this guide. In each category, we will explore the best animation software apps for each type of animation. To make it easier for you to navigate through this article and select the tools based on the type of animation you are interested in, we have separated them into four categories. We will take a look at their prices, functionalities, difficulty levels, as well as their pros and cons.īut before we start, we should mention that there are four different types of animation: In this guide, we will explore the top 24 animation software apps in 2022. When it comes to exploring and choosing the best animation software app, the selection process can be tricky.Īdditionally, looking at the sheer volume of products out there, you might be scratching your head and thinking to yourself, ‘ Where do I even begin?’.ĭon’t fret! You are one step closer to making your final decision. In addition, a plethora of different animation software apps cater to every type of animation you need to create. Fast forward to 2022, and anyone, whether they are a professional animation maker or not, can use computer-generated imagery (CGI) to create any type of animation. Even though people started experimenting with computer graphics as early as the 1940s, it was during the early 1960s when computer graphics rocketed.ĭuring that time, digital computers had already become widely established and became mainstream in the 1970s, after the mass production of the microprocessor in 1971. The history of computer animation began a few decades later. Animation is widely used in the education sector as well as for research purposes to create realistic scientific visualizations. Various other industries such as Advertisement, Marketing, Gaming, Retail, Architecture, and Engineering use animation in multiple ways. Nowadays, the animation is not only used in the entertainment industry. Since the creation of the world’s first animated film in 1908 by French cartoonist and animator Émile Cohl, the world of animation has come a long way. ![]() Then turn the looping feature on in the sequencer window. Boom! Your beats are now perfectly aligned.Īt this point you’ll also want to drag the yellow “cycle region” to be as long as your click. Go to the “Quantize Note Timing” drop down menu and select 1/4 Note. More on that NEXT:Īfter you’ve played your click (only one measure is necessary), select the track editor button in the bottom left (looks like scissors). I would recommend playing eighth notes as a most effective click □īy the way, the reason the click track within the sequencer window is insufficient is because 1) it doesn’t cut through well enough and 2) if you want to eventually play with loops, the click needs its own audio track.ĭon’t worry about lining up perfectly with the built in click. Then simply set your tempo below, turn the built in click on and hand play your own click track. I prefer an actual clicking sound like a rim shot over say, a hi-hat, so it cuts through your mix better. Pick a sound that you would like for your click. Instead of piano, choose a drumkit as the instrument. Go to TRACK > Create New Track > choose Software Instrument. ![]() Give your song a name and Save it wherever you’d like. to recording your first loop, and optionally use a metronome to keep you in time. I figured since most people have Macs with Garageband, it would be beneficial to see how you can set it up within a few minutes.Ĭhoose a new project and select “LOOPS”. Colours in Loopy Pro behave similarly to tracks in a traditional DAW. If you have any questions or issues with downloading Click Tracks from our website, please contact us at David Bauer is the Managing Producer for PraiseCharts audio backing track products.There are so many ways to set up a click track for your worship team to use. ![]() See also: Multi Tracks, Rhythm Tracks, Split Tracks, Vocal Tracks. It is best to make EQ adjustments at the main audio console in your worship venue. Also, it is recommended that the tracks be played back flat with no EQ enhancement from the playback device. ![]() Otherwise, the separate audio channels may bleed into each side causing the click to be heard in the track channel. If you are using iTunes, or any software that adds an audio "enhancer" option, make sure to deselect this option in your preferences. In this tutorial video, you'll learn how to begin recording your audio tracks in Mixcraft Mixcraft makes working with and editing audio a breeze. Audio network (depending on audio system capabilities).Audio interface (for better separation of audio channels).Direct Box if needed for an audio system.Stereo headphone jack audio cable (simple set up), required to isolate left/right audio channels.Updated Click-Cue Samples ( download here).CD Player (requires the ability to burn to CD).Record mouse and keyboard activities on Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7 in 64-bit systems. Later, you can click Play to repeat mouse and keyboard actions in a loop. Use the R12s full-color LCD touchscreen to cut, copy, loop, and edit your tracks. You can record mouse movements with the Record and Stop options quickly. Compact and mobile, you can record and mix songs without a computer. MP3 Players such as iTunes, Windows Media Player, QuickTime, etc. Axife Mouse Recorder is a desktop mouse recorder with an action wizard editor.Typical Backing Instruments Included in Click Tracks:.Provides steady tempo for entire band and worship team.Playable on any computer or portable MP3 player or mobile device.This separation allows for the drummer on stage (and anyone else on in-ear monitors) to hear the click only in their ears, while the track mix adds to the live band mix in the house. The downloaded audio file is a high-quality MP3 file with the CLICK & CUES panned to the LEFT channel, and the TRACK mix is panned to the RIGHT channel. Click Tracks are designed to complement a full band, or at least a strong rhythm section of Bass, Drums, Guitar & Keys. ![]() If you want to add beauty, interesting designs, and fun to your photo, then FotoJet is the answer for your need. This is some of the information you need to know about FotoJet. The miscellaneous features are mainly for adding fun and humor to your photo. It consists of three functionalities: Photo Comic, Fun Photo, and Magazine Cover. With the Photo Card, you can create photo, birthday, anniversary, thank you, baby, wedding, graduation, Father’s Day, travel, thanksgiving, and holiday cards.įinally, they have the Miscellaneous Features. Make Fathers Day Collages Online in 3 Steps Choose a Template Choose from dozens of photo collage templates to start. Photo Card is one of the best features of FotoJet.These are great ways to promote your profile. In this feature, you are able to create banners or cover photos for Facebook, Google+, Instagram, Pinterest, Twitter, and YouTube. ![]() Another feature is the Social Media Design.In this feature, you can do traditional, modern, classic, art, creative, birthday, family, and poster collage. The main feature is the Photo Collage.There are different features that FotoJet has to offer: FREE Download Now Multiple pages project. Of course, if you want to save it for your own use or for future sharing, you can just simply save it as JPG/PNG in your computer. Picture Collage Maker, a powerful and easy-to-use software for creating photo collages and digital scrapbooks from your photos to share with friends and family. The good thing about FotoJet is that it allows you to instantly share your beautiful finish product via Facebook. Birthday cake with photo editing, happy birthday cake with photos frame, create birthday cake with photos and names online free. Save or share your collage – after configuring your photos, you can now save it.After choosing photos, you have the freedom to adjust your photos in different ways to your heart’s content. You can either upload photos directly from your computer or you can go to Facebook and use your photos there. Add Photos – after choosing a design, you need to add the photos you want to use.So there are really a lot of choices you can have with FotoJet. By the way, you also have the option to create a collage, poster or photo card. ![]() When you finally found the right design, just select that to start creating your collage.
![]() Requirements: You are the parent, grandparent, or legal guardian of a child under the age of 15.Your child can also buy more coverage at this time without having to qualify based on occupation or health. When the child reaches age 18, the death benefit amount of the policy doubles, so a $50,000 policy turns into $100,000 with no change in your monthly payment.Īt age 21, your child becomes responsible for paying the premiums, but they remain unchanged. This plan enables guardians and grandparents to take out policies of up to up to $50,000 on children under 15. Requirements: You are between 50 and 80 years old.Unused cash value will be added to the death benefit and paid out to your beneficiaries at the time of your passing. Approval is guaranteed, coverage lasts the duration of your life, and the monthly payment will never change.Įvery payment contributes to a cash value, which you can later borrow against. Seniors can get a Gerber Life Guaranteed Life policy of up to $25,000 in minutes with no medical requirements. Guaranteed applications are always approved, while Grow-Up policies are usually approved or declined within 5 minutes. Simply choose the amount and input your payment information to finalize the application. If you are satisfied with the quote, proceed to fill in your personal information.Īpart from the payout amount, there are no customizable options. To complete your application, answer some basic questions to get an anonymous quote. Or, you can also choose to complete your application over the phone by dialing 80 between 8AM and 9PM EST Monday-Thursday, 8AM-7PM on Friday, or 9AM-5PM on Saturday. The application process takes about five minutes in most cases and can be done entirely online. The loan interest rate is 8% per year, so this can substantially reduce the benefit amount to your loved ones upon your passing. Instead of requiring regular payments, the entire balance of the loan, including principal and interest, will be deducted from the final death benefit. After you’re approved, your insurance premium will remain fixed for the duration of the insured’s life.Ī small portion of each payment will go towards building up a cash value, which you or your child will eventually be able to borrow against if needed. Gerber Life’s policies are simple, with no bells and whistles. This makes planning early for your child’s future especially beneficial. Meanwhile, if you’re the guardian of children under 15, you can take out policies for them that will cover them both as minors and later in life. If you are 50 to 80 years of age, you can get a policy of up to $25,000 in minutes with no medical requirements and guaranteed approval, making it easy and beneficial for seniors. While Gerber Life offers coverage for adults of all ages, some of its best deals on life insurance are for children and seniors. Gerber Life Insurance View Rates Who Can Benefit From Gerber Life Whole Life Insurance? Get an accurate, anonymous quote by answering a few basic questions. ![]() ![]() Website has comprehensive learning resources that teach you about all of Gerber Life’s policies.Customize the payout amount of your Guaranteed or Grow-Up policy from a pre-set range.Other insurance products: Term, Whole Life, and Accident Protection plans.Guaranteed Life: Payout Range $5,000-$25,000 for all states except South Dakota.Gerber Life Whole Life Insurance at a Glance Coverage type ![]() “The Moment Saddam Was Dragged from His Hole. We’re leaving this one as “undetermined” for now in hopes of gleaning more information about the identities of the photographer(s) and the persons pictured. In 1959, as a young boy, the farmer and his. Update: An unblurred version of this photo has since surfaced, as has a series of photographs depicting Saddam Hussein’s capture: Thief recounts the fictional story of an Iraqi farmer who encounters Saddam Hussein at both ends of his life. ![]() The appearance of Saddam in this picture matches how he looked when he was taken into custody, the photograph shows no obvious signs of manipulation (other than the deliberate blurring of the pictured soldier’s face), and even Pentagon officials have admitted that “soldiers may have had a camera with them.” Saddam Hussein was captured in a spiderhole near his hometown of. We haven’t come across any strong reasons to doubt the authenticity of this photograph. 12/17/03: Saddams Last Stand 5,200,013 views 16K Dislike Share Save CBS 2.01M subscribers Five years ago this week. Saddam Hussein is said to have been busy writing novels in his regimes final years, and paid no attention to his military or how his followers ran Iraq. ![]() invasion of Iraq in March 2003, was captured on the outskirts of his home town, Tikrit, on 13 December 2003. Hussein, who went into hiding after the U.S. forces, surfaced on the Internet on 7 January 2004. Origins: The above photograph, purportedly showing former Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein being dragged from his “spider hole” by U.S. There were cassettes of Arabic songs and some cheap pictures of sheep at sunset and Noah’s Ark crowded with animals.Claim: Photograph shows the capture of Saddam Hussein.Įxample: Saddam was sentenced to death by hanging, after being convicted of crimes against humanity by the Iraqi Special Tribunal. He had food, of course – tins of cheap luncheon meat and fresh fruit – and I found his last books in a hut nearby: the philosophical works of Ibn Khaldun and the religious – and pro-Shia – doctrines of the Abbasid theorist Imam al-Shafei and a heap of volumes of Arab poetry. The execution of Saddam Hussein took place on Saturday, 30 December 2006. He is voiced by Matt Stone but in the end credits it says he was voiced by himself. This, after all, was where the dreams finally crumbled to dust. Soldiers that the real Saddam Hussein was shown the film South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut while on trial for genocide/crimes against humanity as a form of torture. Instead of chandeliers, there was just a cheap plastic fan attached to an air vent. Husseins Capture (08:55) Hussein remained in the crosshairs of the United States. 2, 1990, prompting a swift response from the United States and leading to the Gulf War. Thus incensed, Hussein invaded Kuwait on Aug. And so there I was yesterday, lowering myself into the damp, dark and grey concrete interior of his final retreat, the midget bunker buried beside the Tigris – all of 8ft x 5ft– and as near to an underground prison as any of his victims might imagine. 1 14.11 17.95 3.42 DVD 30.10 10.00 Product Description Baghdad fell after just twenty-one days of combat, but the capture of Saddam Hussein took a further eight months and was played out amid a brutal guerrilla war in which the hunters frequently became the hunted. Neighboring Saudi Arabia and Kuwait refused to forgive the debt his government now owed, thanks to the war. Seven months ago, I sat on his red velvet presidential throne in the greatest of all his marble palaces. There was a kind of satisfaction, lying inside Saddam’s last hole in the earth. This is the single most important event in Iraq since the end of major hostilities. This was where the once-feared and mighty Saddam Hussein spent his last days on the run, a poor, makeshift kitchen and a simple cot and cabinet, showing signs of the soldiers’ search. Saddam Hussein has been captured in Iraq. ![]() Tires should be inspected by a knowledgeable professional to ensure they continue to be safe to use. Tires: Ensure your winter tires have at least 50% tread left for the safest winter driving. Fill up on winter washer fluid in the -40☌ temperature range and carry an extra jug in your vehicle. Windshield wipers: Make sure that your wipers are in good condition.Test the strength and level of the coolant/anti-freeze, and make sure the heater and defroster work well. Make sure the radiator cap, water pump and thermostat work properly. Heating and cooling system: Check your radiator hoses and drive belts for cracks and leaks. ![]()
![]() The most severe attacks result in a total body collapse during which individuals are unable to move, speak, or keep their eyes open. Attacks may be mild and involve only a momentary sense of minor weakness in a limited number of muscles, such as a slight drooping of the eyelids. ![]() In about 10 percent of cases of narcolepsy, cataplexy is the first symptom to appear and can be misdiagnosed as a seizure disorder. ![]() Some people may only have one or two attacks in a lifetime, while others may experience many attacks a day. The symptoms of cataplexy may appear weeks or even years after the onset of EDS. It is often triggered by sudden, strong emotions such as laughter, fear, anger, stress, or excitement. This sudden loss of muscle tone while a person is awake leads to weakness and a loss of voluntary muscle control. In between sleep attacks, individuals have normal levels of alertness, particularly if doing activities that keep their attention. However, sleepiness in narcolepsy is more like a “sleep attack”, where an overwhelming sense of sleepiness comes on quickly. EDS is characterized by persistent sleepiness, regardless of how much sleep an individual gets at night. All individuals with narcolepsy have EDS, and it is often the most obvious symptom. Though all have excessive daytime sleepiness, only 10 to 25 percent of affected individuals will experience all of the other symptoms during the course of their illness. The most typical symptoms are excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hallucinations. Symptoms can partially improve over time, but they will never disappear completely. Narcolepsy is a lifelong problem, but it does not usually worsen as the person ages. Since people with narcolepsy are often misdiagnosed with other conditions, such as psychiatric disorders or emotional problems, it can take years for someone to get the proper diagnosis. However, since this condition often goes undiagnosed, the number may be higher. It is estimated that anywhere from 135,000 to 200,000 people in the United States have narcolepsy. Symptoms often start in childhood, adolescence, or young adulthood (ages 7 to 25), but can occur at any time in life. Narcolepsy affects both males and females equally. If left undiagnosed or untreated, narcolepsy can interfere with psychological, social, and cognitive function and development and can inhibit academic, work, and social activities. This helps explain some symptoms of narcolepsy. Also, the muscle weakness or dream activity of REM sleep can occur during wakefulness or be absent during sleep. People with narcolepsy frequently enter REM sleep rapidly, within 15 minutes of falling asleep. Dreams occur during REM sleep, and the brain keeps muscles limp during this sleep stage, which prevents people from acting out their dreams. In a normal sleep cycle, a person enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep after about 60 to 90 minutes. Other symptoms may include sudden muscle weakness while awake that makes a person go limp or unable to move (cataplexy), vivid dream-like images or hallucinations, and total paralysis just before falling asleep or just after waking up (sleep paralysis). People may unwillingly fall asleep even if they are in the middle of an activity like driving, eating, or talking. Narcolepsy can greatly affect daily activities. Many individuals with narcolepsy also experience uneven and interrupted sleep that can involve waking up frequently during the night. People with narcolepsy may feel rested after waking, but then feel very sleepy throughout much of the day. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to control sleep-wake cycles. What is the state of the science involving narcolepsy? What behavioral strategies help people cope with symptoms? |
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